Normal values for the specific gravity of human urine range from approximately 1.0020 to approximately 1.0200. For urine, the specific gravity is a measure of the concentration of dissolved particles in the urine.
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Specific gravity is a measure of the density of a substance compared to the density of water. HHS set the program cutoffs for pH based on a physiological range of approximately 4.5 to 9. Human urine is usually near neutral (pH 7), although some biomedical conditions affect urine pH. Examples of these agents include, but are not limited to, nitrites, pyridinium chlorochromate, chromium (VI), bleach, iodine, halogens, peroxidase and peroxide.
Oxidizing adulterant: A substance that acts alone or in combination with other substances to oxidize drugs or drug metabolites to prevent the detection of the drugs or drug metabolites, or affects the reagents in either the initial or confirmatory drug test. Invalid result: Refers to the result reported by a laboratory for a urine specimen that contains an unidentified adulterant, contains an unidentified interfering substance, has an abnormal physical characteristic, or has an endogenous substance at an abnormal concentration that prevents the laboratory from completing testing or obtaining a valid drug test result. Normal human urine creatinine concentrations are at or above 20 mg/dL.ĭilute specimen: A urine specimen with creatinine and specific gravity values that are lower than expected for human urine.
Here are definitions to provide a better understanding of terms related to specimen validity testing:Īdulterated specimen: A urine specimen containing a substance that is not a normal constituent or containing an endogenous substance at a concentration that is not a normal physiological concentration.Ĭreatinine is endogenously produced and cleared from the body by the kidneys.
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The US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) defines drug testing terminology in its Mandatory Guidelines for Federal Workplace Drug Testing Programs and the Medical Review Officer Manual for Federal Agency Workplace Drug Testing Programs.
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